Origin story

1At one time the Buddha was staying in the hall with the peaked roof in the Great Wood near Vesālī. At that time a monk who only used discarded things was staying in a charnel ground. He disliked receiving things from people. Instead he would take whatever was offered to the dead at the charnel ground, at the foot of trees, or at the threshold, and he would use that. People complained and criticized him:

“How can this monk take the offerings to our ancestors and use them? This monk is big and strong. One might even suspect him of eating human flesh!”

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2The monks heard the complaints of those people, and the monks of few desires complained and criticized him:

“How can this monk eat food that hasn’t been given?” …

“Is it true, monk, that you do this?”

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“It’s true, Sir.”

The Buddha rebuked him … “Foolish man, how can you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

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3‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

4In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

5Soon afterwards the monks did not use water or tooth cleaners because they were afraid of wrongdoing. They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

“Monks, I allow you to use water and tooth cleaners after taking them yourselves.

And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling

6‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions

7A: whoever … Monk: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

8That has not been given: what has not been received is what is meant.

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9Given: standing within arm’s reach of one giving by body or by what is connected to his body or by releasing, he receives it by body or by what is connected to his body—this is called “given”.

10Food: whatever is edible, apart from water and tooth cleaners—this is called “food”.

11Except for water and tooth cleaners: apart from water and tooth cleaners.

12If he takes it with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. For every mouthful, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Permutations

13If it has not been received, and he does not perceive it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it has not been received, but he is unsure of it, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it has not been not received, but he perceives it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession.

14If it has been received, but he does not perceive it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it has been received, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it has been received, and he perceives it as such, there is no offense.

Non-offenses

15There is no offense: if it is water or tooth cleaners; if, when there is a reason, but there is no attendant, he himself takes the four filthy edibles and eats them; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

16The training rule on tooth cleaners, the tenth, is finished.

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17This is the summary:

18“Alms, group, another, pastry,
And two are spoken on invitations;
At the wrong time, store, milk,
With tooth cleaner—those are the ten.”

The fourth sub-chapter on eating is finished.

 

1p_2V_848, msdiv263Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sabbapaṁsukūliko susāne viharati. So manussehi diyyamānaṁ na icchati paṭiggahetuṁ, susānepi rukkhamūlepi ummārepi ayyavosāṭitakāni sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjati. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti:

"Kathañhi nāma ayaṁ bhikkhu amhākaṁ ayyavosāṭitakāni sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjissati. Theroyaṁ bhikkhu vaṭharo manussamaṁsaṁ maññe khādatī"ti.

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2p_2V_849Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā … pe … te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti:

"Kathañhi nāma bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharissatī"ti … pe …

"Saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhikkhu, adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharasī"ti?

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"Saccaṁ, bhagavā"ti.

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … Kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharissasi. Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

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3p_2V_850"Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhareyya, pācittiyan"ti.

4p_2V_851Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.

5p_2V_852, msdiv264Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū udakadantapone kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ … pe …

"Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakadantaponaṁ sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjituṁ.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

 

6p_2V_853, msdiv265"Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhareyya, aññatra udakadantaponā, pācittiyan" ti

 

7p_2V_854, msdiv266Yo panā'ti yo yādiso … pe … bhikkhū'ti … pe … ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.

8p_2V_855Adinnaṁ nāma appaṭiggahitakaṁ vuccati.

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9p_2V_856Dinnaṁ nāma kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vā dente hatthapāse ṭhito kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā paṭiggaṇhāti, etaṁ dinnaṁ nāma.

10p_2V_857Āhāro nāma udakadantaponaṁ ṭhapetvā yaṁ kiñci ajjhoharaṇīyaṁ, eso āhāro nāma.

11p_2V_858Aññatra udakadantaponā'ti ṭhapetvā udakadantaponaṁ.

12p_2V_859 "Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī"ti gaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.

 

13p_2V_860, msdiv267Appaṭiggahitake appaṭiggahitakasaññī adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Appaṭiggahitake vematiko adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Appaṭiggahitake paṭiggahitakasaññī adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

14p_2V_861Paṭiggahitake appaṭiggahitakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paṭiggahitake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paṭiggahitake paṭiggahitakasaññī, anāpatti.

 

15p_2V_862, msdiv268Anāpatti— udakadantapone, cattāri mahāvikaṭāni sati paccaye asati kappiyakārake sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjati, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

16p_2V_863Dantaponasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

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17p_2V_864Tassuddānaṁ

18p_2V_865Piṇḍo gaṇaṁ paraṁ pūvaṁ,
dve ca vuttā pavāraṇā;
Vikāle sannidhī khīraṁ,
dantaponena te dasāti.

Bhojanavaggo catuttho.