Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga - Pācittiya 34: The Training Rule on Kāṇamātu.
- Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Brahmali. (More copyright information)
Origin story
1At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery. At that time there was a female lay follower Kāṇamātā who had faith and confidence. She had a daughter, Kāṇā, who had been given in marriage to a man in a certain village.
On one occasion Kāṇā went to her mother’s house on some business. Kāṇā’s husband sent her a message: “Please come, Kāṇā, I want you back.” Kāṇamātā thought, “It’s shameful to go empty-handed,” and she baked some pastries. Just when the pastries were finished, an alms-collecting monk entered Kāṇamātā’s house, and she gave him some. After leaving, he told another monk, and he too was given pastries. And the same happened a third time. At that, all the pastries were gone.
2A second time Kāṇā’s husband sent her the same message, and everything unfolded as before.
3A third time he sent the same message, adding, “If Kāṇā doesn’t come, I’ll find another wife.” But once again all the pastries were given to monks.
4Kāṇā’s husband found another wife and when Kāṇā heard what had happened, she cried.
Soon afterwards, after robing up in the morning, the Buddha took his bowl and robe and went to Kāṇamātā’s house where he sat down on the prepared seat. Kāṇamātā approached the Buddha, bowed, and sat down. The Buddha asked her why Kāṇā was crying, and she told him what had happened. After instructing, inspiring, and gladdening her with a teaching, the Buddha got up from his seat and left.
5Soon afterwards a certain caravan was ready to go south from Rājagaha. An alms-collecting monk went up to that caravan to get almsfood, and a lay follower gave him flour products. After leaving, that monk told another monk, and he too was given flour products. And the same happened a third time. At that, all his provisions were gone.
That lay follower said to the other people in the caravan, “Sirs, please wait one day. I’ve given my provisions to the monks. I need to prepare more.”
“We can’t wait. The caravan is already on its way.” And they left.
After preparing provisions, that lay follower followed after the caravan, but he was robbed by thieves. People complained and criticized them, “How can the Sakyan monastics receive without moderation? This man gave to them, and then because he was following after the caravan he was robbed by thieves.”
6The monks heard the complaints of those people and they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, monks, I will lay down a training rule for the following ten reasons: for the well-being of the Sangha, for the comfort of the Sangha, for the restraint of bad people, for the ease of well-behaved monks, for the restraint of corruptions relating to the present life, for the restraint of corruptions relating to future lives, to give rise to confidence in those without it, to increase the confidence of those who have it, for the longevity of the true Teaching, and for supporting the training. And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
Final ruling
7‘If a monk goes to a family and is invited to take pastries or baked goods, he may accept two or three bowlfuls if he wishes. If he accepts more than that, he commits an offense entailing confession. If he accepts two or three bowlfuls, he should take it away and share it with the monks. This is the proper procedure.’”
Definitions
8A monk goes to a family: a family: there are four kinds of families: the aristocratic family, the brahmin family, the merchant family, the worker family.
9Goes to: he has gone there.
10Pastries: whatever has been prepared for the purpose of sending away.
11Baked goods: whatever has been prepared as provisions for a journey.
12Is invited to take: “Take as much as you like.”
13If he wishes: if he desires.
14He may accept two or three bowlfuls: two or three bowlfuls can be accepted.
15If he accepts more than that: when he accepts more than that, he commits an offense entailing confession.
16If he accepts two or three bowlfuls: leaving that place and seeing a monk, he should tell him, “I’ve accepted two or three bowlfuls from such-and-such a place; don’t accept anything from there.” If he sees a monk, but does not tell him, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If the one who is told accepts from there regardless, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.
17He should take it away and share it with the monks: he should take it away when returning from almsround and then share it.
18This is the proper procedure: this is the right method.
Permutations
19If it is more than two or three bowlfuls, and he perceives it as more, and he accepts it, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it is more than two or three bowlfuls, but he is unsure of it, and he accepts it, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it is more than two or three bowlfuls, but he perceives it as less, and he accepts it, he commits an offense entailing confession.
20If it is less than two or three bowlfuls, but he perceives it as more, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is less than two or three bowlfuls, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is less than two or three bowlfuls, and he perceives it as less, there is no offense.
Non-offenses
21There is no offense: if he accepts two or three bowlfuls; if he accepts less than two or three bowlfuls; if they give anything that has not been prepared for sending away or as provisions for a journey; if they give the leftovers from what was prepared for sending away or as provisions for a journey; if they give after the plans to travel have been canceled; if it is from relatives; if it is from those who have given an invitation; if it is for the benefit of someone else; if it is by means of his own property; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.
22The training rule on Kāṇamātā, the fourth, is finished.
1p_2V_743, msdiv230Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena kāṇamātā upāsikā saddhā hoti pasannā. Kāṇā gāmake aññatarassa purisassa dinnā hoti.
Atha kho kāṇā mātugharaṁ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho kāṇāya sāmiko kāṇāya santike dūtaṁ pāhesi— "āgacchatu kāṇā, icchāmi kāṇāya āgatan"ti. Atha kho kāṇamātā upāsikā "kismiṁ viya rittahatthaṁ gantun"ti pūvaṁ paci. Pakke pūve aññataro piṇḍacāriko bhikkhu kāṇamātāya upāsikāya nivesanaṁ pāvisi. Atha kho kāṇamātā upāsikā tassa bhikkhuno pūvaṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi pūvaṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi pūvaṁ dāpesi. Yathāpaṭiyattaṁ pūvaṁ parikkhayaṁ agamāsi.
2p_2V_744Dutiyampi kho kāṇāya sāmiko kāṇāya santike dūtaṁ pāhesi— "āgacchatu kāṇā, icchāmi kāṇāya āgatan"ti. Dutiyampi kho kāṇamātā upāsikā "kismiṁ viya rittahatthaṁ gantun"ti pūvaṁ paci. Pakke pūve aññataro piṇḍacāriko bhikkhu kāṇamātāya upāsikāya nivesanaṁ pāvisi. Atha kho kāṇamātā upāsikā tassa bhikkhuno pūvaṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi pūvaṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi pūvaṁ dāpesi. Yathāpaṭiyattaṁ pūvaṁ parikkhayaṁ agamāsi.
3p_2V_745Tatiyampi kho kāṇāya sāmiko kāṇāya santike dūtaṁ pāhesi— "āgacchatu kāṇā, icchāmi kāṇāya āgataṁ. Sace kāṇā nāgacchissati, ahaṁ aññaṁ pajāpatiṁ ānessāmī"ti. Tatiyampi kho kāṇamātā upāsikā kismiṁ viya rittahatthaṁ gantunti pūvaṁ paci. Pakke pūve aññataro piṇḍacāriko bhikkhu kāṇamātāya upāsikāya nivesanaṁ pāvisi. Atha kho kāṇamātā upāsikā tassa bhikkhuno pūvaṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi pūvaṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi pūvaṁ dāpesi. Yathāpaṭiyattaṁ pūvaṁ parikkhayaṁ agamāsi. Atha kho kāṇāya sāmiko aññaṁ pajāpatiṁ ānesi.
4p_2V_746Assosi kho kāṇā— "tena kira purisena aññā pajāpati ānītā"ti. Sā rodantī aṭṭhāsi.
Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena kāṇamātāya upāsikāya nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho kāṇamātā upāsikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho kāṇamātaraṁ upāsikaṁ bhagavā etadavoca: "kissāyaṁ kāṇā rodatī"ti? Atha kho kāṇamātā upāsikā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Atha kho bhagavā kāṇamātaraṁ upāsikaṁ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṁsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
5p_2V_747, msdiv231Tena kho pana samayena aññataro sattho rājagahā paṭiyālokaṁ gantukāmo hoti. Aññataro piṇḍacāriko bhikkhu taṁ satthaṁ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Aññataro upāsako tassa bhikkhuno sattuṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi sattuṁ dāpesi. So nikkhamitvā aññassa ācikkhi. Tassapi sattuṁ dāpesi. Yathāpaṭiyattaṁ pātheyyaṁ parikkhayaṁ agamāsi.
Atha kho so upāsako te manusse etadavoca: "ajjaṇho, ayyā, āgametha, yathāpaṭiyattaṁ pātheyyaṁ ayyānaṁ dinnaṁ. Pātheyyaṁ paṭiyādessāmī"ti.
"Nāyyo sakkā āgametuṁ, payāto sattho"ti agamaṁsu.
Atha kho tassa upāsakassa pātheyyaṁ paṭiyādetvā pacchā gacchantassa corā acchindiṁsu. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: "Kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā na mattaṁ jānitvā paṭiggahessanti. Ayaṁ imesaṁ datvā pacchā gacchanto corehi acchinno"ti.
6p_2V_748Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi: "Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññapessāmi dasa atthavase paṭicca— saṇghasuṭṭhutāya, saṇghaphāsutāya … pe … vinayānuggahāya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
7p_2V_749, msdiv232"Bhikkhuṁ paneva kulaṁ upagataṁ pūvehi vā manthehi vā abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavāreyya, ākaṅkhamānena bhikkhunā dvattipattapūrā paṭiggahetabbā tato ce uttari paṭiggaṇheyya pācittiyaṁ. Dvattipattapūre paṭiggahetvā tato nīharitvā bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ saṁvibhajitabbaṁ. Ayaṁ tattha sāmīcī"ti.
8p_2V_750, msdiv233Bhikkhuṁ paneva kulaṁ upagatan'ti kulaṁ nāma cattāri kulāni— khattiyakulaṁ, brāhmaṇakulaṁ, vessakulaṁ, suddakulaṁ.
9p_2V_751Upagatan'ti tattha gataṁ.
10p_2V_752Pūvaṁ nāma yaṁ kiñci paheṇakatthāya paṭiyattaṁ.
11p_2V_753Manthaṁ nāma yaṁ kiñci pātheyyatthāya paṭiyattaṁ.
12p_2V_754Abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavāreyyā'ti yāvatakaṁ icchasi tāvatakaṁ gaṇhāhīti.
13p_2V_755Ākaṅkhamānenā'ti icchamānena.
14p_2V_756Dvattipattapūrā paṭiggahetabbā'ti dvetayo pattapūrā paṭiggahetabbā.
15p_2V_757Tato ce uttari paṭigaṇheyyā'ti tatuttari paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
16p_2V_758Dvattipattapūre paṭiggahetvā tato nikkhamantena bhikkhuṁ passitvā ācikkhitabbaṁ— "amutra mayā dvattipattapūrā paṭiggahitā, mā kho tattha paṭiggaṇhī"ti. Sace passitvā na ācikkhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sace ācikkhite paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
17p_2V_759Tato nīharitvā bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ saṁvibhajitabban'ti paṭikkamanaṁ nīharitvā saṁvibhajitabbaṁ.
18p_2V_760Ayaṁ tattha sāmīcī'ti ayaṁ tattha anudhammatā.
19p_2V_761, msdiv234Atirekadvattipattapūre atirekasaññī paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Atirekadvattipattapūre vematiko paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Atirekadvattipattapūre ūnakasaññī paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
20p_2V_762 Ūnakadvattipattapūre atirekasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnakadvattipattapūre vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnakadvattipattapūre ūnakasaññī, anāpatti.
21p_2V_763, msdiv235Anāpatti— dvattipattapūre paṭiggaṇhāti, ūnakadvattipattapūre paṭiggaṇhāti, na paheṇakatthāya na pātheyyatthāya paṭiyattaṁ denti, paheṇakatthāya vā pātheyyatthāya vā paṭiyattasesakaṁ denti, gamane paṭippassaddhe denti, ñātakānaṁ pavāritānaṁ, aññassatthāya, attano dhanena, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.
22p_2V_764Kāṇamātusikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ catutthaṁ.