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Vinaya Piṭaka - Monastic Rules

Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga - Pācittiya 10: The Training Rule on Digging the Earth.

Origin story

1At one time when the Buddha was staying at Āḷavī at the Aggāḷava Shrine, the monks there were doing building work. And they dug the earth and had it dug. People complained and criticized them, “How can the Sakyan monastics dig the earth and have it dug? They are hurting one-sensed life.”

2The monks heard the complaints of those people, and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, “How can those monks at Āḷavī dig the earth and have it dug?” … “Is it true, monks, that you do this?”


“It’s true, Sir.”

The Buddha rebuked them … “Foolish men, how can you do this? People regard the earth as conscious. This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling

3‘If a monk digs the earth or has it dug, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions

4A: whoever … Monk: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

5The earth: there are two kinds of earth: productive earth and unproductive earth.


6Productive earth: pure soil, pure clay, with few stones, with few pebbles, with few potsherds, with little gravel, with little sand; mostly soil, mostly clay. If it is unburned, it is also called “productive earth”. A pile of soil or clay that has been rained on for more than four months—this too is called “productive earth”.

7Unproductive earth: just stones, just pebbles, just potsherds, just gravel, just sand, with little soil, with little clay; mostly stones, mostly pebbles, mostly potsherds, mostly gravel, mostly sand. If it is burned, it is also called “unproductive earth”. A pile of soil or clay that has been rained on for less than four months—this too is called “unproductive earth”.


8Digs: if he digs it himself, he commits an offense entailing confession.

9Has dug: if he asks another, he commits an offense entailing confession. If he only asks once, then even if the other digs a lot, he commits one offense entailing confession.

Permutations

10If it is earth, and he perceives it as such, and he digs it or has it dug, or he breaks it or has it broken, or he burns it or has it burned, he commits an offense entailing confession.

11If it is earth, but he is unsure of it, and he digs it or has it dug, or he breaks it or has it broken, or he burns it or has it burned, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

12If it is earth, but he does not perceive it as such, and he digs it or has it dug, or he breaks it or has it broken, or he burns it or has it burned, there is no offense.

13If it is not earth, but he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is not earth, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is not earth, and he does not perceive it as such, there is no offense.

Non-offenses

14There is no offense: if he says, “Consider this,” “Give this,” “Bring this,” “There’s need for this,” “Make this allowable;” if it is unintentional; if he is not mindful; if he does not know; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

15The training rule on digging the earth, the tenth, is finished.
The first sub-chapter on lying is finished.

16This is the summary:


17“Falsely, abusive, and malicious talebearing,
Memorizing, and two on beds;
Except with one who understands, true,
Grave offense, digging.”

 

1p_2V_321, msdiv84Tena samayena buddho bhagavā āḷaviyaṁ viharati aggāḷave cetiye. Tena kho pana samayena āḷavakā bhikkhū navakammaṁ karontā pathaviṁ khaṇantipi khaṇāpentipi. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: "Kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā pathaviṁ khaṇissantipi khaṇāpessantipi. Ekindriyaṁ samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jīvaṁ viheṭhentī"ti.

2p_2V_322Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā … pe … te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: "Kathañhi nāma āḷavakā bhikkhū pathaviṁ khaṇissantipi khaṇāpessantipī"ti … pe … "Saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, pathaviṁ khaṇathapi khaṇāpethapī"ti?


"Saccaṁ, bhagavā"ti.

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, pathaviṁ khaṇissathapi khaṇāpessathapi. Jīvasaññino hi, moghapurisā, manussā pathaviyā. Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

 

3p_2V_323, msdiv85"Yo pana bhikkhu pathaviṁ khaṇeyya vā khaṇāpeyya vā, pācittiyan"ti. (10:59)

 

4p_2V_324, msdiv86Yo panā'ti yo yādiso … pe … bhikkhū'ti … pe … ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.

5p_2V_325Pathavī nāma dve pathaviyo— jātā ca pathavī ajātā ca pathavī.


6p_2V_326Jātā nāma pathavī— suddhapaṁsu suddhamattikā appapāsāṇā appasakkharā appakaṭhalā appamarumbā appavālikā, yebhuyyenapaṁsukā, yebhuyyenamattikā. Adaḍḍhāpi vuccati jātā pathavī. Yopi paṁsupuñjo vā mattikāpuñjo vā atirekacātumāsaṁ ovaṭṭho, ayampi vuccati jātā pathavī.

7p_2V_327Ajātā nāma pathavī— suddhapāsāṇā suddhasakkharā suddhakaṭhalā suddhamarumbā suddhavālikā appapaṁsukā appamattikā, yebhuyyenapāsāṇā, yebhuyyenasakkharā, yebhuyyenakaṭhalā, yebhuyyenamarumbā, yebhuyyenavālikā. Daḍḍhāpi vuccati ajātā pathavī. Yopi paṁsupuñjo vā mattikāpuñjo vā omakacātumāsaṁ ovaṭṭho, ayampi vuccati ajātā pathavī.


8p_2V_328Khaṇeyyā'ti sayaṁ khaṇati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

9p_2V_329Khaṇāpeyyā'ti aññaṁ āṇāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Sakiṁ āṇatto bahukampi khaṇati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

 

10p_2V_330, msdiv87Pathaviyā pathavisaññī khaṇati vā khaṇāpeti vā, bhindati vā bhedāpeti vā, dahati vā dahāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

11p_2V_331Pathaviyā vematiko khaṇati vā khaṇāpeti vā, bhindati vā bhedāpeti vā, dahati vā dahāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

12p_2V_332Pathaviyā apathavisaññī khaṇati vā khaṇāpeti vā, bhindati vā bhedāpeti vā, dahati vā dahāpeti vā, anāpatti.

13p_2V_333Apathaviyā pathavisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Apathaviyā vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Apathaviyā apathavisaññī, anāpatti.

 

14p_2V_334, msdiv88Anāpatti— "imaṁ jāna, imaṁ dehi, imaṁ āhara, iminā attho, imaṁ kappiyaṁ karohī"ti bhaṇati, asañcicca, asatiyā, ajānantassa, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

15p_2V_335Pathavīkhaṇanasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.
Musāvādavaggo paṭhamo.

16p_2V_336Tassuddānaṁ


17p_2V_337 Musā omasapesuññaṁ,
padaseyyāya ve duve;
Aññatra viññunā bhūtā,
duṭṭhullāpatti khaṇanāti.