Pācittiya 52: The Training Rule on Reviling or Insulting a Bhikkhu.
- Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Brahmali. (More copyright information)
Origin story
1At one time when the Buddha was staying in the hall with the peaked roof in the Great Wood near Vesālī, Venerable Upāli’s preceptor, Venerable Kappita, was staying in a charnel ground. At that time the leader of the nuns from the group of six had just died. They took her to that charnel ground, cremated her near Venerable Kappita’s dwelling, and made a stupa. They then went there to cry.
Venerable Kappita was disturbed by the noise, and so he demolished the stupa and scattered the rubble. The nuns from the group of six thought, “Kappita has demolished our Venerable’s stupa; let’s kill him,” and they laid a plan. A certain nun told Venerable Upāli what was happening, and he in turn told Venerable Kappita. Venerable Kappita then left his dwelling and went into hiding. Soon afterwards the nuns from the group of six went to his dwelling and crushed it with rocks and lumps of earth. When they thought he was dead, they left.
2The following morning Venerable Kappita robed up, took his bowl and robe, and entered Vesālī for almsfood. When the nuns from the group of six saw him, they said, “Kappita is alive! Who spoiled our plan?”
3When they heard it was Venerable Upāli, they abused him, “How could this barber, this dirt remover of inferior caste, spoil our plan?”
4The nuns of few desires complained and criticized them, “How could the nuns from the group of six abuse Venerable Upāli?” …
“Is it true, monks, that those nuns did this?”
“It’s true, Sir.”
The Buddha rebuked them … “How could the nuns from the group of six do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
Final ruling
5‘If a nun abuses or reviles a monk, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
Definitions
6A: whoever … Nun: … The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
7A monk: one who is fully ordained. Abuses: if she abuses with the ten kinds of abuse or with any one of them, she commits an offense entailing confession.
8Reviles: if she induces fear, she commits an offense entailing confession.
Permutations
9If he is fully ordained, and she perceives him as such, and she abuses or reviles him, she commits an offense entailing confession. If he is fully ordained, but she is unsure of it, and she abuses or reviles him, she commits an offense entailing confession. If he is fully ordained, but she does not perceive him as such, and she abuses or reviles him, she commits an offense entailing confession.
10If she abuses or reviles someone who is not fully ordained, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If he is not fully ordained, but she perceives him as such, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If he is not fully ordained, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If he is not fully ordained, and she does not perceive him as such, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Non-offenses
11There is no offense: if she is aiming at something beneficial; if she is aiming at giving a teaching; if she is aiming at giving an instruction; if she is insane; if she is the first offender.
The second training rule is finished.
1p_2V_3103, msdiv1028Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato upālissa upajjhāyo āyasmā kappitako susāne viharati. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyānaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ mahattarā bhikkhunī kālaṅkatā hoti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo taṁ bhikkhuniṁ nīharitvā āyasmato kappitakassa vihārassa avidūre jhāpetvā thūpaṁ katvā gantvā tasmiṁ thūpe rodanti.
Atha kho āyasmā kappitako tena saddena ubbāḷho taṁ thūpaṁ bhinditvā pakiresi. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo—“iminā kappitakena amhākaṁ ayyāya thūpo bhinno, handa naṁ ghātemā”ti mantesuṁ. Aññatarā bhikkhunī āyasmato upālissa etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Āyasmā upāli āyasmato kappitakassa etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Atha kho āyasmā kappitako vihārā nikkhamitvā nilīno acchi. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo yenāyasmato kappitakassa vihāro tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmato kappitakassa vihāraṁ pāsāṇehi ca leḍḍūhi ca ottharāpetvā: “mato kappitako”ti pakkamiṁsu.
2p_2V_3104Atha kho āyasmā kappitako tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṁ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Addasaṁsu kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo āyasmantaṁ kappitakaṁ piṇḍāya carantaṁ. Disvāna evamāhaṁsu—“ayaṁ kappitako jīvati, ko nu kho amhākaṁ mantaṁ saṁharī”ti?
3p_2V_3105Assosuṁ kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo—“ayyena kira upālinā amhākaṁ manto saṁhaṭo”ti. Tā āyasmantaṁ upāliṁ akkosiṁsu—“Kathañhi nāma ayaṁ kāsāvaṭo malamajjano nihīnajacco amhākaṁ mantaṁ saṁharissatī”ti.
4p_2V_3106Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā … pe … tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: “Kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ayyaṁ upāliṁ akkosissantī”ti … pe …
“Saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo upāliṁ akkosantī”ti?
“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo upāliṁ akkosissanti. Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
5p_2V_3107, msdiv1029“Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuṁ akkoseyya vā paribhāseyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.
6p_2V_3108, msdiv1030Yā panā'ti yā yādisā … pe … bhikkhunī'ti … pe … ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
7p_2V_3109Bhikkhun'ti upasampannaṁ. Akkoseyya vā'ti dasahi vā akkosavatthūhi akkosati etesaṁ vā aññatarena, āpatti pācittiyassa.
8p_2V_3110Paribhāseyya vā'ti bhayaṁ upadaṁseti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
9p_2V_3111, msdiv1031Upasampanne upasampannasaññā akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampanne vematikā akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampanne anupasampannasaññā akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
10p_2V_3112Anupasampannaṁ akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
11p_2V_3113, msdiv1032Anāpatti—atthapurekkhārāya, dhammapurekkhārāya, anusāsanipurekkhārāya, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.