Pācittiya 51: The Training Rule on Entering a Monastery Which Contains at Least One Bhikkhu.
- Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Brahmali. (More copyright information)
Origin story
1At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, a number of monks dressed only in a sarong were making robes in a certain village monastery. Nuns entered that monastery without asking permission and approached those monks. The monks complained and criticized them, “How could nuns enter a monastery without asking permission?” … “Is it true, monks, that nuns did that?”
“It’s true, Sir.”
The Buddha rebuked them … “How could nuns do that? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
2‘If a nun enters a monastery without asking permission, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
3In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the nuns.
4Soon afterwards those monks left that monastery. But even though the nuns had heard that the monks had left, they did not go there. Soon the monks returned. When the nuns heard that this was the case, they asked permission and then entered that monastery. They approached the monks and bowed down to them. The monks then said to them, “Sisters, why didn’t you sweep the monastery, or put out water for drinking or water for washing?”
“The Buddha has laid down a training rule that we may not enter a monastery without asking permission. That’s why we didn’t do it.”
They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards the Buddha had the Sangha gathered and addressed the monks: “Monks, when a monk is available, a nun should enter a monastery only after asking permission. And so, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
5‘If a nun, when a monk is available, enters a monastery without asking permission, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
6In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the nuns.
7After leaving that monastery once more, the monks returned yet again. Thinking that the monks were still away, the nuns entered the monastery without asking permission. The nuns became anxious, thinking, “We have entered a monastery without asking permission, even though a monk was available. And the Buddha has laid down a training rule against this. Could it be that we have committed an offense entailing confession?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “And so, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
Final ruling
8‘If a nun, knowing that there are monks in a monastery, enters it without asking permission, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”
Definitions
9A: whoever … Nun: … The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
10Knowing: she knows it by herself or others have told her or they have told her.
11There are monks in a monastery: even where monks stay at the foot of a tree.
12Enters it without asking permission: if she crosses the boundary of an enclosed monastery without asking permission of a monk or a novice monk or a monastery worker, she commits an offense entailing confession. If she enters the vicinity of an unenclosed monastery, she commits an offense entailing confession.
Permutations
13If there are monks in a monastery, and she perceives that there are, and she enters it without asking permission of an available monk, she commits an offense entailing confession. If there are monks in a monastery, but she is unsure of it, and she enters it without asking permission of an available monk, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If there are monks in a monastery, but she does not perceive that there are, and she enters it without asking permission of an available monk, there is no offense.
14If there are no monks in a monastery, but she perceives that there are, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If there are no monks in a monastery, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If there are no monks in a monastery, and she does not perceive that there are, there is no offense.
Non-offenses
15There is no offense: if she enters after asking permission of an available monk; if, when there is no available monk, she enters without asking permission; if she goes while looking at the head of a nun in front of her; if she is going to where the nuns have gathered; if a path goes through the monastery; if she is sick; if there is an emergency; if she is insane; if she is the first offender.
The first training rule is finished.
1p_2V_3087, msdiv1021Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū gāmakāvāse ekacīvarā cīvarakammaṁ karonti. Bhikkhunīyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisitvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṁsu. Bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: “Kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisissantī”ti … pe …
“Saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisantī”ti?
“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisissanti. Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
2p_2V_3088“Yā pana bhikkhunī anāpucchā ārāmaṁ paviseyya, pācittiyan”ti.
3p_2V_3089Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
4p_2V_3090, msdiv1022Tena kho pana samayena te bhikkhū tamhā āvāsā pakkamiṁsu. Bhikkhunīyo—“ayyā pakkantā”ti ārāmaṁ nāgamaṁsu. Atha kho te bhikkhū punadeva taṁ āvāsaṁ paccāgacchiṁsu. Bhikkhunīyo—“ayyā āgatā”ti āpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisitvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhaṁsu. Ekamantaṁ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ:“Kissa tumhe, bhaginiyo, ārāmaṁ neva sammajjittha na pānīyaṁ paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpitthā”ti?
“Bhagavatā, ayyā, sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ—‘na anāpucchā ārāmo pavisitabbo’ti. Tena mayaṁ na āgamimhā”ti.
Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ … pe … anujānāmi, bhikkhave, santaṁ bhikkhuṁ āpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisituṁ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
5p_2V_3091“Yā pana bhikkhunī santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ paviseyya, pācittiyan”ti.
6p_2V_3092Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
7p_2V_3093, msdiv1023Tena kho pana samayena te bhikkhū tamhā āvāsā pakkamitvā punadeva taṁ āvāsaṁ paccāgacchiṁsu. Bhikkhunīyo—“ayyā pakkantā”ti anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisiṁsu. Tāsaṁ kukkuccaṁ ahosi—“bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ—‘na santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmo pavisitabbo’ti. Mayañcamhā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisimhā. Kacci nu kho mayaṁ pācittiyaṁ āpattiṁ āpannā”ti … pe … bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
8p_2V_3094, msdiv1024“Yā pana bhikkhunī jānaṁ sabhikkhukaṁ ārāmaṁ anāpucchā paviseyya, pācittiyan”ti.
9p_2V_3095, msdiv1025Yā panā'ti yā yādisā … pe … bhikkhunī'ti … pe … ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
10p_2V_3096Jānāti nāma sāmaṁ vā jānāti, aññe vā tassā ārocenti, te vā ārocenti.
11p_2V_3097Sabhikkhuko nāma ārāmo yattha bhikkhū rukkhamūlepi vasanti.
12p_2V_3098Anāpucchā ārāmaṁ paviseyyā'ti bhikkhuṁ vā sāmaṇeraṁ vā ārāmikaṁ vā anāpucchā parikkhittassa ārāmassa parikkhepaṁ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa. Aparikkhittassa ārāmassa upacāraṁ okkamantiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
13p_2V_3099, msdiv1026Sabhikkhuke sabhikkhukasaññā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Sabhikkhuke vematikā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sabhikkhuke abhikkhukasaññā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisati, anāpatti.
14p_2V_3100Abhikkhuke sabhikkhukasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Abhikkhuke vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Abhikkhuke abhikkhukasaññā, anāpatti.
15p_2V_3101, msdiv1027Anāpatti—santaṁ bhikkhuṁ āpucchā pavisati, asantaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā pavisati, sīsānulokikā gacchati, yattha bhikkhuniyo sannipatitā honti tattha gacchati, ārāmena maggo hoti, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.