Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga - Pācittiya 83: Not to enter the king's chamber without warning.
- Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Brahmali. (More copyright information)
Origin story
1At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, King Pasenadi of Kosala told his park-keeper: “Go and clean up the park; I’ll be going there.”
“Yes, sir.” While cleaning the park, he saw the Buddha seated at the foot of a tree. He then went to King Pasenadi and said:
“The park is clean, sir, but the Buddha is sitting there.”
“Marvellous! I’ll visit him.”
2The King went to the park and approached the Buddha, but just then a lay follower was seated there. When the King saw him, he became fearful and stopped. But he considered, “This man isn’t likely to be bad, since he’s visiting the Buddha,” and so he approached the Buddha, bowed, and sat down. But when that lay follower, because of his respect for the Buddha, neither bowed down to the King nor stood up for him, the King became annoyed.
The Buddha realized what was happening and said to the King: “Great king, this lay follower is learned, a master of the tradition, and he’s free from sensual desire.”
The King thought, “This lay follower doesn’t deserve to be in an inferior position, since even the Buddha praises him.” And he said to that lay follower, “Please say what you want.”
“Thank you, sir.”
The Buddha then instructed, inspired, and gladdened King Pasenadi with a teaching, after which the King got up from his seat, bowed down, circumambulated the Buddha with his right side toward him, and left.
3Soon afterwards King Pasenadi was up in his magnificent stilt house, when he saw that lay follower walking along the street, holding a sunshade. He summoned him and said: “You are a learned Buddhist, a master of the tradition. Please teach my harem.”
“Whatever I know, sir, I know because of the monks. They should teach the harem.”
Knowing that the lay follower was right, the King went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down, and said:
“Venerable Sir, please ask a monk to teach my harem.”
The Buddha then instructed, inspired, and gladdened King Pasenadi with a teaching, after which the King got up from his seat, paid his respects as before, and left.
Soon afterwards, the Buddha said to Venerable Ānanda, “Well then, Ānanda, teach the King’s harem.”
“Yes, Sir.” And from time to time he would enter the harem and teach.
Then, after robing up one the morning, Ānanda took his bowl and robe and went to King Pasenadi’s house.
4On that occasion the King was in bed with Queen Mallikā. The Queen saw Ānanda coming and she quickly got up, but her burnished golden dressing gown fell off. Ānanda turned around right there and returned to the monastery. And he told the monks what had happened. The monks of few desires complained and criticized him:
“How could Venerable Ānanda enter the royal compound without first being announced?” …
“Is it true, Ānanda, that you did this?”
“It’s true, Sir.”
The Buddha rebuked him … “Ānanda, how could you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … Having rebuked him … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:
5“Monks, there are these ten dangers in entering a royal compound. What ten?
It may be that a monk enters where the king is sitting with his queen. The queen smiles when she sees the monk or the monk smiles when he sees the queen. The king thinks, ‘Surely they’ve done it, or they’re going to.’
6Again, because the king is very busy, he does not remember having slept with a certain woman, yet she becomes pregnant because of that. The king thinks, ‘Only the monk enters here. Is he responsible for this?’
7Again, a gem disappears from the royal compound. The king thinks, ‘Only the monk enters here. Is he responsible for this?’
8Again, secret discussions in the royal compound are spread outside. The king thinks, ‘Only the monk enters here. Is he responsible for this?’
9Again, in the royal compound a father assails his son, or a son assails his father. They think, ‘Only the monk enters here. Is he responsible for this?’
10Again, the king promotes someone. Those who dislike this think, ‘The king is close to the monk. Is he responsible for this?’
11Again, the king demotes someone. Those who dislike this think, ‘The king is close to the monk. Is he responsible for this?’
12Again, the king sends out the army at an inappropriate time. Those who dislike this think, ‘The king is close to the monk. Is he responsible for this?’
13Again, after sending out the army at an appropriate time, the king orders it to turn back while still en route. Those who dislike this think, ‘The king is close to the monk. Is he responsible for this?’
14Again, a royal compound is crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots, as well as enticing sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and tangibles that are not suitable for a monk.
Monks, these are the ten dangers in entering a royal compound.”
Then, after rebuking Ānanda in many ways, the Buddha spoke in dispraise of being difficult to support … the Buddha said, “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
Final ruling
15‘If a monk, without first being announced, crosses the threshold to the bedroom of a consecrated aristocrat king, when both the king and the queen are present, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”
Definitions
16A: whoever … Monk: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
17Aristocrat: well-born on both his mother’s side and his father’s side, pure in descent, irreproachable and impeccable with respect to birth going back eight generations of male ancestors.
18Consecrated: consecrated with the aristocratic consecration.
19The king is present: the king has not left the bedroom.
20The queen is present: the queen has not left the bedroom. Or both have not left.
21Without first being announced: without first having informed.
22The threshold: the threshold to the bedroom is what is meant.
23The bedroom: wherever a king’s bed is prepared, even if just enclosed by a cloth screen.
24Crosses the threshold to the bedroom: if he crosses the threshold with the first foot, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If he crosses with the second foot, he commits an offense entailing confession.
Permutations
25If he has not been announced, and he does not perceive it as such, and he crosses the threshold to the bedroom, he commits an offense entailing confession. If he has not been announced, but he is unsure of it, and he crosses the threshold to the bedroom, he commits an offense entailing confession. If he has not been announced, but he perceives it as such, and he crosses the threshold to the bedroom, he commits an offense entailing confession.
26If he has been announced, but he does not perceive it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If he has been announced, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If he has been announced, and he perceives it as such, there is no offense.
Non-offenses
27There is no offense: if he has been announced; if it is not an aristocrat king; if the king has not been consecrated with the aristocratic consecration; if the king has left the bedroom; if the queen has left the bedroom; if they both have left; if it is not a bedroom; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.
28The training rule on royal compounds, the first, is finished.
1p_2V_1448msdiv494Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena rājā pasenadi kosalo uyyānapālaṁ āṇāpesi— "gaccha, bhaṇe, uyyānaṁ sodhehi. Uyyānaṁ gamissāmā"ti.
"Evaṁ, devā"ti kho so uyyānapālo rañño pasenadissa kosalassa paṭissutvā uyyānaṁ sodhento addasa bhagavantaṁ aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle nisinnaṁ. Disvāna yena rājā pasenadi kosalo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṁ pasenadiṁ kosalaṁ etadavoca:
"Suddhaṁ, deva, uyyānaṁ. Api ca bhagavā tattha nisinno"ti.
"Hotu, bhaṇe. Mayaṁ bhagavantaṁ payirupāsissāmā"ti.
2p_2V_1449Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo uyyānaṁ gantvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro upāsako bhagavantaṁ payirupāsanto nisinno hoti. Addasā kho rājā pasenadi kosalo taṁ upāsakaṁ bhagavantaṁ payirupāsantaṁ nisinnaṁ. Disvāna bhīto aṭṭhāsi. Atha kho rañño pasenadissa kosalassa etadahosi: "nārahatāyaṁ puriso pāpo hotuṁ, yathā bhagavantaṁ payirupāsatī"ti. Yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Atha kho so upāsako bhagavato gāravena rājānaṁ pasenadiṁ kosalaṁ neva abhivādesi na paccuṭṭhāsi. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo anattamano ahosi— "Kathañhi nāmāyaṁ puriso mayi āgate neva abhivādessati na paccuṭṭhessatī"ti.
Atha kho bhagavā rājānaṁ pasenadiṁ kosalaṁ anattamanaṁ viditvā rājānaṁ pasenadiṁ kosalaṁ etadavoca: "Eso kho, mahārāja, upāsako bahussuto āgatāgamo kāmesu vītarāgo"ti.
Atha kho rañño pasenadissa kosalassa etadahosi: "nārahatāyaṁ upāsako orako hotuṁ, bhagavāpi imassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsatī"ti. Taṁ upāsakaṁ etadavoca: "vadeyyāsi, upāsaka, yena attho"ti.
"Suṭṭhu, devā"ti.
Atha kho bhagavā rājānaṁ pasenadiṁ kosalaṁ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṁsesi. Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassito samādapito samuttejito sampahaṁsito uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.
3p_2V_1450msdiv495Tena kho pana samayena rājā pasenadi kosalo uparipāsādavaragato hoti. Addasā kho rājā pasenadi kosalo taṁ upāsakaṁ rathikāya chattapāṇiṁ gacchantaṁ. Disvāna pakkosāpetvā etadavoca: "tvaṁ kira, upāsaka, bahussuto āgatāgamo. Sādhu, upāsaka, amhākaṁ itthāgāraṁ dhammaṁ vācehī"ti.
"Yamahaṁ, deva, jānāmi ayyānaṁ vāhasā, ayyāva devassa itthāgāraṁ dhammaṁ vācessantī"ti.
Atha kho rājā pasenadi kosalo— "Saccaṁ kho upāsako āhā"ti yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho rājā pasenadi kosalo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
"Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā ekaṁ bhikkhuṁ āṇāpetu yo amhākaṁ itthāgāraṁ dhammaṁ vācessatī"ti.
Atha kho bhagavā rājānaṁ pasenadiṁ kosalaṁ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi … pe … padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ āmantesi: "tenahānanda, rañño itthāgāraṁ dhammaṁ vācehī"ti.
"Evaṁ, bhante"ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā kālena kālaṁ pavisitvā rañño itthāgāraṁ dhammaṁ vāceti.
Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rañño pasenadissa kosalassa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami.
4p_2V_1451msdiv496Tena kho pana samayena rājā pasenadi kosalo mallikāya deviyā saddhiṁ sayanagato hoti. Addasā kho mallikā devī āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ. Disvāna sahasā vuṭṭhāsi; pītakamaṭṭhaṁ dussaṁ pabhassittha. Atha kho āyasmā ānando tatova paṭinivattitvā ārāmaṁ gantvā bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā … pe … te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti:
"Kathañhi nāma āyasmā ānando pubbe appaṭisaṁvidito rañño antepuraṁ pavisissatī"ti … pe …
"Saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, ānanda, pubbe appaṭisaṁvidito rañño antepuraṁ pavisasī"ti?
"Saccaṁ, bhagavā"ti.
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe … kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, ānanda, pubbe appaṭisaṁvidito rañño antepuraṁ pavisissasi. Netaṁ, ānanda, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya … pe … vigarahitvā … pe … dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi:
5p_2V_1452msdiv497 "Dasayime, bhikkhave, ādīnavā rājantepurappavesane. Katame dasa?
Idha, bhikkhave, rājā mahesiyā saddhiṁ nisinno hoti, tattha bhikkhu pavisati. Mahesī vā bhikkhuṁ disvā sitaṁ pātukaroti. Bhikkhu vā mahesiṁ disvā sitaṁ pātukaroti. Tattha rañño evaṁ hoti— ‘addhā imesaṁ kataṁ vā karissanti vā’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
6p_2V_1453Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rājā bahukicco bahukaraṇīyo. Aññataraṁ itthiṁ gantvā nassarati. Sā tena gabbhaṁ gaṇhi. Tattha rañño evaṁ hoti— ‘Na kho idha añño koci pavisati aññatra pabbajitena. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, dutiyo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
7p_2V_1454Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rañño antepure aññataraṁ ratanaṁ nassati. Tattha rañño evaṁ hoti— ‘Na kho idha añño koci pavisati aññatra pabbajitena. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, tatiyo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
8p_2V_1455Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rañño antepure abbhantarā guyhamantā bahiddhā sambhedaṁ gacchanti. Tattha rañño evaṁ hoti— ‘Na kho idha añño koci pavisati aññatra pabbajitena. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, catuttho ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
9p_2V_1456Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rañño antepure putto vā pitaraṁ pattheti pitā vā puttaṁ pattheti. Tesaṁ evaṁ hoti— ‘Na kho idha añño koci pavisati aññatra pabbajitena. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, pañcamo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
10p_2V_1457Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rājā nīcaṭṭhāniyaṁ ucce ṭhāne ṭhapeti. Yesaṁ taṁ amanāpaṁ tesaṁ evaṁ hoti— ‘rājā kho pabbajitena saṁsaṭṭho. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, chaṭṭho ādīnavo, rājantepurappavesane.
11p_2V_1458Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rājā uccaṭṭhāniyaṁ nīce ṭhāne ṭhapeti. Yesaṁ taṁ amanāpaṁ tesaṁ evaṁ hoti— ‘rājā kho pabbajitena saṁsaṭṭho. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, sattamo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
12p_2V_1459Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rājā akāle senaṁ uyyojeti. Yesaṁ taṁ amanāpaṁ tesaṁ evaṁ hoti— ‘rājā kho pabbajitena saṁsaṭṭho. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, aṭṭhamo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
13p_2V_1460Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rājā kāle senaṁ uyyojetvā antarāmaggato nivattāpeti. Yesaṁ taṁ amanāpaṁ tesaṁ evaṁ hoti— ‘rājā kho pabbajitena saṁsaṭṭho. Siyā nu kho pabbajitassa kamman’ti. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, navamo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
14p_2V_1461Puna caparaṁ, bhikkhave, rañño rājantepuraṁ hatthisammaddaṁ assasammaddaṁ rathasammaddaṁ rajanīyāni rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbāni, yāni na pabbajitassa sāruppāni. Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, dasamo ādīnavo rājantepurappavesane.
Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa ādīnavā rājantepurappavesane"ti.
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
15p_2V_1462msdiv498"Yo pana bhikkhu rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa anikkhantarājake aniggataratanake pubbe appaṭisaṁvidito indakhīlaṁ atikkāmeyya, pācittiyan"ti. (83:132)
16p_2V_1463msdiv499Yo panāti yo yādiso … pe … bhikkhūti … pe … ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
17p_2V_1464Khattiyo nāma ubhato sujāto hoti, mātito ca pitito ca saṁsuddhagahaṇiko, yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā akkhitto anupakuṭṭho jātivādena.
18p_2V_1465Muddhāvasitto nāma khattiyābhisekena abhisitto hoti.
19p_2V_1466Anikkhantarājaketi rājā sayanigharā anikkhanto hoti.
20p_2V_1467Aniggataratanaketi mahesī sayanigharā anikkhantā hoti, ubho vā anikkhantā honti.
21p_2V_1468Pubbe appaṭisaṁviditoti pubbe anāmantetvā.
22p_2V_1469Indakhīlo nāma sayanigharassa ummāro vuccati.
23p_2V_1470Sayanigharaṁ nāma yattha katthaci rañño sayanaṁ paññattaṁ hoti, antamaso sāṇipākāraparikkhittampi.
24p_2V_1471Indakhīlaṁ atikkāmeyyāti paṭhamaṁ pādaṁ ummāraṁ atikkāmeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dutiyaṁ pādaṁ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
25p_2V_1472msdiv500Appaṭisaṁvidite appaṭisaṁviditasaññī indakhīlaṁ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Appaṭisaṁvidite vematiko indakhīlaṁ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Appaṭisaṁvidite paṭisaṁviditasaññī indakhīlaṁ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
26p_2V_1473Paṭisaṁvidite appaṭisaṁviditasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paṭisaṁvidite vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paṭisaṁvidite paṭisaṁviditasaññī, anāpatti.
27p_2V_1474msdiv501Anāpatti— paṭisaṁvidite, na khattiyo hoti, na khattiyābhisekena abhisitto hoti, rājā sayanigharā nikkhanto hoti, mahesī sayanigharā nikkhantā hoti, ubho vā nikkhantā honti, na sayanighare, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.
28p_2V_1475Antepurasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ paṭhamaṁ.