Bhikkhunī Vibhaṅga - Saṅghādisesa 10: Denouncing the Buddha, Dhamma or Saṅgha.
- Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Brahmali. (More copyright information)
Origin story
1At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, the nun Caṇḍakāḷī had argued with the nuns. In anger she said this: “I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.”
2The nuns of few desires complained and criticized her, “How could the nun Caṇḍakāḷī say this in anger?
… “Is it true, monks, that the nun Caṇḍakāḷī said this in anger?”
“It’s true, Sir.”
The Buddha rebuked her …
“How could the nun Caṇḍakāḷī say this in anger? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
Final ruling
3‘If a nun says in anger, “I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them,” then the nuns should correct her like this: “Venerable, don’t say such things in anger, ‘I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.’ Take delight, Venerable; the Teaching is well proclaimed. Practice the spiritual life for the complete ending of suffering.” If that nun continues as before, the nuns should press her up to three times to make her stop. If she then stops, all is well. If she does not stop, then after the third announcement that nun too has committed an offense entailing sending away and suspension.’”
Definitions
4A: whoever … Nun: … The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
5In anger: discontent, having hatred, hostile.
6Says: “I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.”
7Her: that nun who speaks thus. The nuns: Other nuns who see it or hear about it.
8They should correct her like this:
“Venerable, don’t say such things in anger: ‘I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.’ Take delight, Venerable; the Teaching is well proclaimed. Practice the spiritual life for the complete ending of suffering.”
And they should correct her a second and a third time. If she stops, all is well. If she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If those who heard about it do not say anything, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.
That nun, even if she has to be pulled into the Sangha, should be corrected like this:
“Venerable, don’t say such things in anger: ‘I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.’ Take delight, Venerable; the Teaching is well proclaimed. Practice the spiritual life for the complete ending of suffering.”
They should correct her a second and a third time. If she stops, all is well. If she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
“And, monks, she should be pressed like this. A competent and capable nun should inform the Sangha:
9‘Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The nun so-and-so says this in anger: “I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.” And she keeps on saying it. If it seems appropriate to the Sangha, the Sangha should press her to make her stop. This is the motion.
10Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The nun so-and-so says this in anger: “I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.” And she keeps on saying it. The Sangha presses her to make her stop. Any nun who approves of pressing her to make her stop should remain silent. Any nun who doesn’t approve should speak up.
11For the second time I speak on this matter … For the third time I speak on this matter …
12The Sangha has pressed nun so-and-so to stop. The Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I’ll remember it thus.’”
13After the motion, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. After each of the first two announcements, she commits a serious offense. When the last announcement is finished, she commits an offense entailing suspension. For one who commits the offense entailing suspension, the offense of wrong conduct and the serious offenses are annulled.
14That too: this is said with reference to the preceding offenses.
15After the third announcement: there is an offense when she has been pressed for the third time, not as soon as the misconduct has been committed.
16Entailing sending away: she is sent away from the Sangha.
17Suspension: … Therefore, too, it is called an offense entailing suspension.
Permutations
18If it is a legitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension. If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension. If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as illegitimate, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension.
19If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as legitimate, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Non-offenses
20There is no offense: if she has not been pressed; if she stops; if she is insane; if she is the first offender.
21The tenth offense entailing suspension is finished.
1p_2V_2323, msdiv709Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi saddhiṁ bhaṇḍitvā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti: “Buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṁghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī”ti.
2p_2V_2324Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā … pe … tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: “Kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vakkhati— ‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi … pe … sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’”ti … pe …
“Saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti: ‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi … pe … sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’”ti?
“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe …
Kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vakkhati— ‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi … pe … sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti. Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
3p_2V_2325, msdiv710“Yā pana bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeyya— ‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṁghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi evamassa vacanīyā— ‘māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca— buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṁghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmīti, abhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo; cara brahmacariyaṁ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā’ti. Evañca sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyya, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya. Yāvatatiyañce samanubhāsīyamānā taṁ paṭinissajjeyya iccetaṁ kusalaṁ; no ce paṭinissajjeyya, ayampi bhikkhunī yāvatatiyakaṁ dhammaṁ āpannā nissāraṇīyaṁ saṁghādisesan”ti. (10:18)
4p_2V_2326, msdiv711Yā panā'ti yā yādisā … pe … bhikkhunī'ti … pe … ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
5p_2V_2327Kupitā anattamanā'ti anabhiraddhā āhatacittā khilajātā.
6p_2V_2328Evaṁ vadeyyā ti— “Buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi … pe … sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī”ti.
7p_2V_2329Sā bhikkhunī'ti yā sā evaṁvādinī bhikkhunī. Bhikkhunīhī'ti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi.
8p_2V_2330Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā—
“Māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca— ‘Buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi … pe … sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti. Abhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo; cara brahmacariyaṁ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā”ti.
Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ, no ce paṭinissajjati āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
Sā bhikkhunī saṁghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā—
“Māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca— ‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi … pe … sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti. Abhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo; cara brahmacariyaṁ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā”ti.
Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ, no ce paṭinissajjati āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā.
Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṁgho ñāpetabbo—
9p_2V_2331, msdiv712“Suṇātu me, ayye, saṁgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti: ‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṁghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti. Sā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṁghassa pattakallaṁ, saṁgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
10p_2V_2332Suṇātu me, ayye, saṁgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti: ‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi … pe … sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti. Sā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati. Saṁgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati sā, bhāseyya.
11p_2V_2333Dutiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi … pe … tatiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi … pe … .
12p_2V_2334Samanubhaṭṭhā saṁghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Khamati saṁghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī”ti.
13p_2V_2335Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā. Kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṁghādisesassa. Saṁghādisesaṁ ajjhāpajjantiyā ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti.
14p_2V_2336Ayampī'ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
15p_2V_2337Yāvatatiyakan'ti yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya āpajjati, na saha vatthujjhācārā.
16p_2V_2338Nissāraṇīyan'ti saṁghamhā nissārīyati.
17p_2V_2339Saṁghādiseso'ti … pe … tenapi vuccati saṁghādisesoti.
18p_2V_2340, msdiv713Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṁghādisesassa. Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṁghādisesassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṁghādisesassa.
19p_2V_2341Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
20p_2V_2342, msdiv714Anāpatti— asamanubhāsantiyā, paṭinissajjantiyā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
21p_2V_2343Sattamasaṁghādisesasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.