Bhikkhunī Vibhaṅga - Pārājika 7: Following a Suspended Bhikkhu
- Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Brahmali. (More copyright information)
Origin story
1At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, the nun Thullanandā was taking sides with the monk Ariṭṭha, an ex-vulture-killer, who had been ejected by a unanimous Sangha.
2The nuns of few desires complained and criticized her, “How can Venerable Thullanandā take sides with the monk Ariṭṭha who has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha?” … “Is it true, monks, that the nun Thullanandā is doing this?”
“It’s true, Sir.”
The Buddha rebuked her …
“How can the nun Thullanandā take sides with the monk Ariṭṭha who has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:
Final ruling
3‘If a nun takes sides with a monk who has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha—in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction—and who is disrespectful, who has not made amends, and who has not made friends, the nuns should correct her like this: “Venerable, this monk has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction. He’s disrespectful, hasn’t made amends, and hasn’t made friends. Venerable, don’t take sides with this monk.” If that nun continues as before, the nuns should press her up to three times to make her stop. If she then stops, all is well. If she does not stop, she too is expelled and excluded from the community. The training rule on taking sides with one who has been ejected.’”
Definitions
4A: whoever … Nun: … The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.
5A unanimous Sangha: those belonging to the same Buddhist sect and staying within the same monastery zone.
6Who has been ejected: who has been ejected for not recognizing an offense, for not making amends, or for not giving up a bad view.
7In accordance with the teaching, the Monastic Law: in accordance with that teaching, in accordance with that Monastic Law.
8In accordance with the Teacher’s instruction: in accordance with the Victor’s instruction, in accordance with the Buddha’s instruction.
9Who is disrespectful: he does not heed the Sangha, groups of monks, individual monks, or legal procedures.
10Who has not made amends: he has been ejected and not reinstated.
11Who has not made friends: monks belonging to the same Buddhist sect is what is meant by “friends”. He is not together with them—therefore it is called “who has not made friends”.
12Takes sides with: she has the same view, the same belief, the same persuasion as he does.
13Her: that nun who supports one who has been ejected.
14The nuns: Other nuns who see it or hear about it. They should correct her like this: “Venerable, this monk has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction. He’s disrespectful, hasn’t made amends, and hasn’t made friends. Venerable, don’t take sides with this monk.” And they should correct her a second and a third time.
If she stops, all is well. If she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If those who heard about it do not say anything, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.
That nun, even if she has to be pulled into the midst of the Sangha, should be corrected like this:
“Venerable, this monk has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction. He’s disrespectful, hasn’t made amends, and hasn’t made friends. Venerable, don’t take sides with this monk.” They should correct her a second and a third time.
If she stops, all is well. If she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
“And, monks, she should be pressed like this. A competent and capable nun should inform the Sangha:
15‘Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The nun so-and-so is taking sides with a monk who has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha—in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction—and who is disrespectful, who has not made amends, and who has not made friends. And she keeps on doing it. If it seems appropriate to the Sangha, the Sangha should press her to make her stop. This is the motion.
16Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. The nun so-and-so is taking sides with a monk who has been ejected by a unanimous Sangha—in accordance with the Teaching, the Monastic Law, and the Teacher’s instruction—and who is disrespectful, who has not made amends, and who has not made friends. And she keeps on doing it. The Sangha presses her to make her stop. Any nun who approves of pressing her to make her stop should remain silent. Any nun who doesn’t approve should speak up.
17For the second time I speak on this matter … For the third time I speak on this matter …
18The Sangha has pressed nun so-and-so to stop. The Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I’ll remember it thus.’”
19After the motion, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. After each of the first two announcements, she commits a serious offense. When the last announcement is finished, she commits an offense entailing expulsion.
20She too: this is said with reference to the preceding offenses entailing expulsion.
21Is expelled: just as an ordinary stone that has broken in half cannot be put together again, so is a nun who does not stop when pressed three times not a monastic, not a daughter of the Sakyan. Therefore it is said “she is expelled”.
22Excluded from the community: Community: joint legal procedures, a joint recitation, the same training—this is called “community”. She does not take part in this—therefore it is called “excluded from the community”.
Permutations
23If it is a legitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, but she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing expulsion. If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing expulsion. If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as illegitimate, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing expulsion.
24If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as legitimate, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.
Non-offenses
25There is no offense: if she has not been pressed; if she stops; if she is insane; if she is deranged; if she is overwhelmed by pain; if she is the first offender.
26The seventh offense entailing expulsion is finished.
1p_2V_2155, msdiv668Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī samaggena saṁghena ukkhittaṁ ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ anuvattati.
2p_2V_2156Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā … pe … tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: “Kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā samaggena saṁghena ukkhittaṁ ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ anuvattissatī”ti … pe … “Saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī samaggena saṁghena ukkhittaṁ ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ anuvattatī”ti?
“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
Vigarahi buddho bhagavā … pe …
Kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī samaggena saṁghena ukkhittaṁ ariṭṭhaṁ bhikkhuṁ gaddhabādhipubbaṁ anuvattissati. Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya … pe … evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
3p_2V_2157, msdiv669“Yā pana bhikkhunī samaggena saṁghena ukkhittaṁ bhikkhuṁ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anādaraṁ appaṭikāraṁ akatasahāyaṁ tamanuvatteyya, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi evamassa vacanīyā— ‘eso kho, ayye, bhikkhu samaggena saṁghena ukkhitto dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anādaro appaṭikāro akatasahāyo, māyye, etaṁ bhikkhuṁ anuvattī’ti. Evañca sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyya, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya. Yāvatatiyañce samanubhāsiyamānā taṁ paṭinissajjeyya, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ. No ce paṭinissajjeyya, ayampi parajika hoti asaṁvāsā ukkhittānuvattikā”ti.
4p_2V_2158, msdiv670Yā panā'ti yā yādisā … pe … bhikkhunī'ti … pe … ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
5p_2V_2159Samaggo nāma saṁgho samānasaṁvāsako samānasīmāyaṁ ṭhito.
6p_2V_2160Ukkhitto nāma āpattiyā adassane vā appaṭikamme vā appaṭinissagge vā ukkhitto.
7p_2V_2161Dhammena vinayenā'ti yena dhammena yena vinayena.
8p_2V_2162Satthusāsanenā'ti jinasāsanena buddhasāsanena.
9p_2V_2163Anādaro nāma saṁghaṁ vā gaṇaṁ vā puggalaṁ vā kammaṁ vā nādiyati.
10p_2V_2164Appaṭikāro nāma ukkhitto anosārito.
11p_2V_2165Akatasahāyo nāma samānasaṁvāsakā bhikkhū vuccanti sahāyā. So tehi saddhiṁ natthi, tena vuccati akatasahāyoti.
12p_2V_2166Tamanuvatteyyā'ti yaṁdiṭṭhiko so hoti yaṁkhantiko yaṁruciko, sāpi taṁdiṭṭhikā hoti taṁkhantikā taṁrucikā.
13p_2V_2167Sā bhikkhunī'ti yā sā ukkhittānuvattikā bhikkhunī.
14p_2V_2168Bhikkhunīhī'ti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi. Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā— “eso kho, ayye, bhikkhu samaggena saṁghena ukkhitto dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anādaro appaṭikāro akatasahāyo. Māyye, etaṁ bhikkhuṁ anuvattī”ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā.
Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
Sā bhikkhunī saṁghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā—
“Eso kho, ayye, bhikkhu samaggena saṁghena ukkhitto dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anādaro appaṭikāro akatasahāyo. Māyye, etaṁ bhikkhuṁ anuvattīti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā.
Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ. No ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṁgho ñāpetabbo—
15p_2V_2169, msdiv671‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṁgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī samaggena saṁghena ukkhittaṁ bhikkhuṁ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anādaraṁ appaṭikāraṁ akatasahāyaṁ tamanuvattati, sā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṁghassa pattakallaṁ, saṁgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
16p_2V_2170Suṇātu me, ayye, saṁgho. Ayaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī samaggena saṁghena ukkhittaṁ bhikkhuṁ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anādaraṁ appaṭikāraṁ akatasahāyaṁ tamanuvattati. Sā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati. Saṁgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
17p_2V_2171Dutiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi … pe … tatiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi … pe … .
18p_2V_2172Samanubhaṭṭhā saṁghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Khamati saṁghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī’”ti.
19p_2V_2173Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā, kammavācā pariyosāne āpatti pārājikassa.
20p_2V_2174Ayampī'ti purimāyo upādāya vuccati.
21p_2V_2175Parajika hotī'ti seyyathāpi nāma puthusilā dvedhā bhinnā appaṭisandhikā hoti, evameva bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjantī assamaṇī hoti asakyadhītā. Tena vuccati parajika hotīti.
22p_2V_2176Asaṁvāsā'ti saṁvāso nāma ekakammaṁ ekuddeso samasikkhatā. Eso saṁvāso nāma. So tāya saddhiṁ natthi. Tena vuccati asaṁvāsāti.
23p_2V_2177, msdiv672Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pārājikassa. Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pārājikassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pārājikassa.
24p_2V_2178Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
25p_2V_2179, msdiv673Anāpatti— asamanubhāsantiyā, paṭinissajjantiyā, ummattikāya … pe … ādikammikāyāti.
26p_2V_2180Tatiyapārājikaṁ samattaṁ.