1At one time several senior mendicants were staying near Benares, in the deer park at Isipatana.

Then in the late afternoon, Venerable Channa came out of retreat. Taking a key, he went from dwelling to dwelling, going up to the senior mendicants and saying: “May the venerable senior mendicants advise me and instruct me! May they give me a Dhamma talk so that I can see the teaching!”

---

2When he said this, the senior mendicants said to Venerable Channa:

“Reverend Channa, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are impermanent. Form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are not-self. All conditions are impermanent. All things are not-self.”

3Then Venerable Channa thought: “I too think in this way. … And yet my mind isn’t eager, confident, settled, and decided about the stilling of all activities, the letting go of all attachments, the ending of craving, fading away, cessation, extinguishment. Anxiety and grasping arise. And the mind reverts to thinking: ‘So then who exactly is my self?’ But that doesn’t happen for someone who sees the teaching. Who can teach me the Dhamma so that I can see the teaching?”

4-7Then Venerable Channa thought: “The Venerable Ānanda is staying near Kosambi, in Ghosita’s Monastery. He’s praised by the Buddha and esteemed by his sensible spiritual companions. He’s quite capable of teaching me the Dhamma so that I can see the teaching. Since I have so much trust in Venerable Ānanda, why don’t I go to see him?”

---

Then Channa set his lodgings in order and, taking his bowl and robe, set out for Kosambi. He went to see Ānanda in Ghosita’s Monastery, exchanged greetings with him, and told him what had happened. Then he said,

---

“May Venerable Ānanda advise me and instruct me! May he give me a Dhamma talk so that I can see the teaching!”

8“I’m already delighted with Venerable Channa. Hopefully you’ve opened yourself up and cut through your emotional barrenness. Listen well, Channa. You are capable of understanding the teaching.”

Then right away Channa was filled with lofty rapture and joy: “It seems I’m capable of understanding the teaching!”

9“Reverend Channa, I heard and learned in the presence of the Buddha his advice to the mendicant Kaccānagotta:

---

‘Kaccāna, this world mostly relies on the dual notions of existence and non-existence.

But when you truly see the origin of the world with right understanding, you won’t have the notion of non-existence regarding the world. And when you truly see the cessation of the world with right understanding, you won’t have the notion of existence regarding the world. The world is for the most part shackled to attraction, grasping, and insisting. But if — when it comes to this attraction, grasping, mental fixation, insistence, and underlying tendency — you don’t get attracted, grasp, and commit to the notion “my self”, you’ll have no doubt or uncertainty that what arises is just suffering arising, and what ceases is just suffering ceasing. Your knowledge about this is independent of others.

---

This is how right view is defined.

“All exists”: this is one extreme.

“All doesn’t exist”: this is the second extreme.

Avoiding these two extremes, the Realized One teaches by the middle way: “Ignorance is a condition for choices. Choices are a condition for consciousness. … That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.

When ignorance fades away and ceases with nothing left over, choices cease. … That is how this entire mass of suffering ceases.”’”

---

10“Reverend Ānanda, this is how it is when you have such venerables as spiritual companions to advise and instruct you out of kindness and compassion. And now that I’ve heard this teaching from Venerable Ānanda, I’ve comprehended the teaching.”

1Ekaṁ samayaṁ sambahulā therā bhikkhū bārāṇasiyaṁ vihāranti isipatane migadāye.

Atha kho āyasmā channo sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito avāpuraṇaṁ ādāya vihārena vihāraṁ upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū etadavoca: "ovadantu maṁ āyasmanto therā, anusāsantu maṁ āyasmanto therā, karontu me āyasmanto therā dhammiṁ kathaṁ, yathāhaṁ dhammaṁ passeyyan"ti.

---

2Evaṁ vutte, therā bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ channaṁ etadavocuṁ:

"rūpaṁ kho, āvuso channa, aniccaṁ; vedanā aniccā; saññā aniccā; saṅkhārā aniccā; viññāṇaṁ aniccaṁ. Rūpaṁ anattā; vedanā … saññā … saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṁ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā; sabbe dhammā anattā"ti.

3Atha kho āyasmato channassa etadahosi: "mayhampi kho etaṁ evaṁ hoti: ‘rūpaṁ aniccaṁ, vedanā … saññā … saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṁ aniccaṁ; rūpaṁ anattā, vedanā … saññā … saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṁ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe dhammā anattā’ti. Atha ca pana me sabbasaṅkhārasamathe sabbūpadhipaṭinissagge taṇhākkhaye virāge nirodhe nibbāne cittaṁ na pakkhandati nappasīdati na santiṭṭhati nādhimuccati. Paritassanā upādānaṁ uppajjati; paccudāvattati mānasaṁ: ‘atha ko carahi me attā’ti? Na kho panevaṁ dhammaṁ passato hoti. Ko nu kho me tathā dhammaṁ deseyya yathāhaṁ dhammaṁ passeyyan"ti.

4Atha kho āyasmato channassa etadahosi: "Ayaṁ kho āyasmā ānando kosambiyaṁ vihārati ghositārāme satthu ceva saṁvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṁ sabrahmacārīnaṁ, pahoti ca me āyasmā ānando tathā dhammaṁ desetuṁ yathāhaṁ dhammaṁ passeyyaṁ; atthi ca me āyasmante ānande tāvatikā vissaṭṭhi. Yannūnāhaṁ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyan"ti.

---

Atha kho āyasmā channo senāsanaṁ saṁsāmetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena kosambī ghositārāmo yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṁ sammodi … pe … ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā channo āyasmantaṁ Ānandaṁ etadavoca: 

5"Ekamidāhaṁ, āvuso Ānanda, samayaṁ bārāṇasiyaṁ viharāmi isipatane migadāye. Atha khvāhaṁ, āvuso, sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito avāpuraṇaṁ ādāya vihārena vihāraṁ upasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā there bhikkhū etadavocaṁ: ‘ovadantu maṁ āyasmanto therā, anusāsantu maṁ āyasmanto therā, karontu me āyasmanto therā dhammiṁ kathaṁ yathāhaṁ dhammaṁ passeyyan’ti. Evaṁ vutte, maṁ, āvuso, therā bhikkhū etadavocuṁ: ‘rūpaṁ kho, āvuso channa, aniccaṁ; vedanā … saññā … saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṁ aniccaṁ; rūpaṁ anattā … pe … viññāṇaṁ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe dhammā anattā’ti.

6Tassa mayhaṁ, āvuso, etadahosi: ‘mayhampi kho etaṁ evaṁ hoti – rūpaṁ aniccaṁ … pe … viññāṇaṁ aniccaṁ, rūpaṁ anattā, vedanā … saññā … saṅkhārā … viññāṇaṁ anattā. Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā, sabbe dhammā anattā’ti. Atha ca pana me sabbasaṅkhārasamathe sabbūpadhipaṭinissagge taṇhākkhaye virāge nirodhe nibbāne cittaṁ na pakkhandati nappasīdati na santiṭṭhati nādhimuccati. Paritassanā upādānaṁ uppajjati; paccudāvattati mānasaṁ: ‘atha ko carahi me attā’ti? Na kho panevaṁ dhammaṁ passato hoti. Ko nu kho me tathā dhammaṁ deseyya yathāhaṁ dhammaṁ passeyyanti.

7Tassa mayhaṁ, āvuso, etadahosi: ‘Ayaṁ kho āyasmā ānando kosambiyaṁ vihārati ghositārāme satthu ceva saṁvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṁ sabrahmacārīnaṁ, pahoti ca me āyasmā ānando tathā dhammaṁ desetuṁ yathāhaṁ dhammaṁ passeyyaṁ. Atthi ca me āyasmante ānande tāvatikā vissaṭṭhi. Yannūnāhaṁ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyan’ti.

---

Ovadatu maṁ, āyasmā ānando; anusāsatu maṁ, āyasmā ānando; karotu me, āyasmā ānando dhammiṁ kathaṁ yathāhaṁ dhammaṁ passeyyan"ti.

8"Ettakenapi mayaṁ āyasmato channassa attamanā api nāma taṁ āyasmā channo āvi akāsi khīlaṁ chindi. Odahāvuso channa, sotaṁ; bhabbosi dhammaṁ viññātun"ti.

Atha kho āyasmato channassa tāvatakeneva uḷāraṁ pītipāmojjaṁ uppajji: "Bhabbo kirasmi dhammaṁ viññātun"ti.

9"Sammukhā metaṁ, āvuso channa, bhagavato sutaṁ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ kaccānagottaṁ bhikkhuṁ ovadantassa – dvayanissito khvāyaṁ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena atthitañceva natthitañca.

---

Lokasamudayaṁ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya passato yā loke natthitā, sā na hoti.

Lokanirodhaṁ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya passato yā loke atthitā, sā na hoti. Upayupādānābhinivesavinibandho khvāyaṁ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena taṁ cāyaṁ upayupādānaṁ cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayaṁ na upeti na upādiyati nādhiṭṭhāti ‘attā me’ti. Dukkhameva uppajjamānaṁ uppajjati, dukkhaṁ nirujjhamānaṁ nirujjhatīti na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati. Aparappaccayā ñāṇamevassa ettha hoti.

---

Ettāvatā kho, kaccāna, sammādiṭṭhi hoti.

Sabbamatthīti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto.

Sabbaṁ natthīti ayaṁ dutiyo anto.

Ete te, kaccāna, ubho ante anupāgamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṁ deseti – avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ … pe … evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho … pe … evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī"ti.

---

10"Evametaṁ, āvuso Ānanda, hoti yesaṁ āyasmantānaṁ tādisā sabrahmacārayo anukampakā atthakāmā ovādakā anusāsakā. Idañca pana me āyasmato ānandassa dhammadesanaṁ sutvā dhammo abhisamito"ti.

Aṭṭhamaṁ.